Results of our studies

IN BRIEF

Today most of Russians are not afraid of a nuclear war much. They say nuclear threat primarily comes from the U.S.A.

MOSCOW, August 6, 2019. Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM) presents the findings of a survey devoted to World Day for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons.

Seventy-two percent of Russians know real cases of nuclear bomb use in military conflicts. However 21% of respondents fail to remember exact cases: they are mainly respondents aged 18-24 (24%) and 25-34 (27%).

 More than half of respondents (52%), to a varying degree, are afraid of a new nuclear war; they are mainly women (68%) and persons aged 60 and over (68%). About the same share of respondents (46%) are not afraid; they are basically men (64%) as well as those aged 18-24 (59%), 25-34 (58%) and 35-44 (52%).

Seventy-nine percent of Russians are confident that no one will survive in a nuclear war regardless of the number of bomb shelters and supplies. On the contrary, 16% say that bomb shelters will help people survive.

Only 5% know if there is a nearby survival shelter; mainly men (19%), persons aged 35-44 (18%) and 45-59 (18%). A further 13% are confident that there is a shelter but they do not know where it is situated. On the whole, 71% of Russians know neither about the existence of bomb shelters nor where they are located; they are basically women (73%), young Russians aged 18-24 (74%) and people aged over 60 (77%).

The biggest nuclear threat to Russia comes from the U.S.A, according to survey findings (60%). Thirteen percent point to China; 11% say no country or organization poses a nuclear threat.

VCIOM-Sputnik survey was conducted on July 3, 2019. The survey involved 1,600 Russians aged 18 and over. The survey was telephone-based and carried out using stratified dual-frame random sample based on a complete list of landline and mobile phone numbers operating in Russia. The data were weighted according to selection probability and social and demographic characteristics. The margin of error at a 95% confidence level does not exceed 2.5%. In addition to sampling error, minor changes in question wording and different circumstances arising during the fieldwork can introduce bias into the survey.

 

Do you remember any case when a nuclear bomb was used in any real military conflicts?

(closed-ended question, one answer, %)

 

Total

Aged 18-24

25-34

35-44

45-59

60 and over

I remember that it was used

72

68

64

73

79

70

It has never been used

21

24

27

19

17

23

Don't know

7

8

9

8

4

7

To what extent are you personally concerned about a new nuclear war?

 (closed-ended question, one answer, %)

 

Total

Men

Women

I am not concerned

46

64

31

Somewhat concerned

33

24

41

Strongly concerned

14

9

19

I have a constant fear

5

3

8

Don't know

2

0

1

To what extent are you personally concerned about a new nuclear war?

 (closed-ended question, one answer, %)

 

Total

Aged 18-24

25-34

35-44

45-59

60 and over

I am not concerned

46

59

58

52

44

31

Somewhat concerned

33

26

32

30

35

36

Strongly concerned

14

9

8

11

14

23

I have a constant fear

5

6

1

6

4

9

Don't know

2

0

1

1

3

1

Some people think that if there are bomb shelters, food, water and other supplies, people will be able to survive in a global nuclear war. Others think that people will not survive a global nuclear war even if they have enough bomb shelters and supplies. Which opinion do you most agree with? (closed-ended question, one answer, % of total respondents)

The former: people will survive in bomb shelters

16

The latter: almost no one will survive

79

Don't know

5

Do you know where a bombproof shelter closest to your home is located?

 (closed-ended question, one answer, %)

 

Total

Men

Women

I know that there is a bomb shelter and I know where it is

15

19

12

I now that there is a bomb shelter but do not know where it is

13

12

14

I do not know/ there is no bomb shelter

71

68

73

Don't know

1

1

1

Do you know where a bombproof shelter closest to your home is located?

 (closed-ended question, one answer, %)

 

Total

Aged 18-24

25-34

35-44

45-59

60 and over

I know that there is a bomb shelter and I know where it is

15

13

13

18

18

13

I now that there is a bomb shelter but do not know where it is

13

13

18

13

13

9

I do not know/ there is no bomb shelter

71

74

67

68

68

77

Don't know

1

0

2

1

1

1

In your opinion, what countries or organizations pose a nuclear threat to Russia?

(open-ended question, up to 3 answers, % of total respondents; answers of at least 1% of respondents)

 

Total

USA

60

China

13

Great Britain

6

Korea

6

NATO countries

5

Ukraine

3

Japan

3

Iran

2

Russia, Russian government 

1

France

1

Pakistan

1

Poland

1

Israel

1

Europe

1

Germany

1

ISIL*, terrorist organizations

1

No one

11

Other

1

Don't know

19

* Organization banned in Russia

Note: Using materials from the site www.wciom.ru or wciom.com, as well as distributed by VCIOM, the reference to the source (or hyperlink for the electronic media) is obligatory.

 

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